Internal-combustion engine.



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J. B. mmiRBG-GKER. INNEN AL G0 MBSTION ENGINE.

APPLICA TICE FLED MAY hwe'wm, James B. Knickerbocker o C o 0 o o O o O O O O O O O O O MmWMMUHU NVOH| Ill,

, WTQQ/ n U @Mio/:Malga iinrriin sritrns PATENT oFFioE.

TNTERNALOMBUSTION ENGINEn Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 5, 1908.

Application led Mayl, 1905. Serial No. 263,056.

To all liti/1cm. it may concern:

Be it known that l, Jantes B. lxNicit'nnnomina, a citizen of' the United Statics, re-

siding at lndianapolis. in the county oll Marion and State ol indiana, have invcnlcd vcrtain new and useful lmprm-'cmcnts in lnw ternal-Combustion llngmcs, ol' which thc following is a spccilication.

.ln the operation ol gras engines considerablediiiicnlty is experienced in keeping thc cylinder properly vcooled and thisl is cspccially true in automobile engines whore water-cooling is objcc(louable owing to thc dllhculty of maintaining an adequate supply ol' cool Water for the jacket.

The object of my invention is to produce a structure in which the cylinder is surrounded bv a jacket through which thc entire air slips p y for tln` charges shall be drawn under a slight vacuum, the aircurr i lished and properly distrib maintain a' proper and cveiithe cylinder. The arrangement b cing such as to avoid thc cxpcnsive and heavy construction now ordinarily used.

'lhc accompanying drawing,l illustrates my inventiointhc ligure illustrating ina partial vertical section an engine of :in opposedy twin-cylinder7 two-cycle ty ie.'

In the drawings, 1,0A l() indicate a pair of opposed cylinders thciwork end i" each of which is surrounded by a jacket 11. The head of thc jacket is arran ed closely adjacent the head of thc cylint er, isperforated with a large number of holes 12 which lead toward the head of the cylinder, the holes 12 thus directing a large number of small streams ol air directly upon said cylinder head. The two jackets .ll l] are connected by pi ies 13 13 through a check valve 14 with the chamber l which lies between the two cylinders and, in thc present case, serves as a crank shaft chamber. Mounted in cach cylinder is a piston 16 connected by a pitnian 17 with a crank lts'. ("oimnunicating With chamber 15 an air rcscrvoir 1H, ya check valve 2U being arranged bctwccii thc-chainbci l5 and the reservoir 19. beading into nach cylinder l0 is an admission Valve 25 and a passage 2G forms a communit-ation between the air reservoir it) and thc chamber oi" cach admission valve 25, a suitable carbu-. i'ctcr 27 being interposed.

ln operation, supposing' thc crank shaft to bc rotating' in the direction indicated by thc arrow, the pistons 16 will be moved simul- 5' taneously outward thus creating a vacuum in chamber l5 and thcrcby causing an inrush of lircsh air through thc small openings l2 to be jcttcd against thc head ol cylinders 10 into and through jackets 1.1 and from thence through pipes lo past checl Valve 14 into the chamber t5. ln this operation a greatnuniber oll small jets of air are pro'ected upon the head of cat-.h cylinder l0 and have found by` experiment that a current ol"` air `sucked through a serios of small openings at a suitable vacuum into the jacket is capable of abpassages 26, carbureters 27 and admission valves into the two cylinders, this taking place as soon as the pistons reach the exhaust openings 30. Upon `the next outer stroke of the pistons the charges within the cylinders are compressed and .another ,current of air under slight suction is established through the air 'tickets It wi l, of course, be understood tha/'i' in order to obtain the vacuum in the jacket the total areaof theinlet openings 12 must be somewliatjless than :theiuea of the inlet valve. i

Inordcr to increase the radiation from cylinder 10 I find it advisable to insert a plurality of tubes through the Walls of the air jacket and into (or at least in contact with) the walls of the cylinder, the inner ends of these tubes being closed by the wall ofthe cylinder andthe outer ends being open. It is not essential that the joint between the tubes 35 and the jacket walls be tight but it is probably preferable. By this arrangen ment thcfreflfectivc arca ol thc cylinder walls, so far as incoiniiigvaii is concerned, is inaterially increased, thus facilitatiiigl-`tlic radea- 'tion of a large number of heat units from the cylinder.l j

ln arranging the holes 1"y care must bc taken to cvcnly distribute them over the arca of thc head and to make them of such size that the total arca will be such as to give an adequate supply ol' air under a vacuum preferably of from one to three pounds.

sorbin;r a greater number of heat units from tho cylinder walls, thus maintaining them at a more uniform temperature, than the saine I claim as my invention: v

l. In an internal combustion engine, the combination With a cylinder and piston, of an inlet valve leading into the cylinder, a jacket surrounding the cylinder, and a comv municating assage between said jacket and the inlet va Ve, said jacket being provided witliga lurality `of inlet openings through which tie air supply for the engine will be sucked,A rthe area 'of the inlet valve being reater than the-total area of the openings eading `into the 4air jacket.

y2. In an internal combustion engine, the. combination 0l a cylinder, an air jacket sur` rounding the cylinder and having its end arranged adjacent the end ot' the cylinder and rovided with a plurality ol' perforations eading toward the cylinder head, a piston in said cylinder, an inlet valve leading into' the c linder, a communicating passage between' tlie air jacket and the inlet valve, and a check Valve in said passage, the said inlet valve having a greater' area than the total area of the perforations leading into the air jacket. i' l i Inyaii internal combustion'engine, the

rovide `with a plurality of Perloraiions eading toward the cylinder, a piston in said i combination of a cylinder, an air jacket surrounding: the 4cylinder kand having its end cylinder, an inlet valve leading into the eylg j dei' walls.

sagc between the air jacket and the inlet 35 valve, and a plurality of radiating members across the air jacket and engaging the cylin- 4. ln an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder, an airk jacket surrounding the cylinder and having its end ad jacent the cylinder walls and rovided with a plurality of perforations lear ing toward the cylinder head, a piston in said c linder, an inlet valve leading into the cylini er, said inlet valve being ol greater area than the total area of the perforations leading int-o the air jacket, a communicating passage between the air jacket and the inlet valve, and a plurality ol' tubular members extending across the airjiicket and (-iigagiiig the Cylinder Wallev at their inner ends the outer ends ol said tubular members being left open.

.ln witness whereof, l have hereunto set my hand and teal at Indianapolis," lndiana, 55

this 26th denv of' May, A. l). one thousand nine hundred and iive. t

.mais ii. iixieiniiiiioeiniii.A [1.. el

Vit nelsses:

Airi'iii'it M, lliioii, ,Limits A. WALSH, 

